UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA
Instituto de Ciências Humanas
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia 
Disciplina: Lógica Intensional (347078)
Primeiro Semestre de 2020
Prof. Dr. Nelson Gonçalves Gomes

1. OBJETIVO DO CURSO: Apresentar ao discente pós-graduando um
delineamento abrangente sobre linguagens intensionais, lógica modal e elementos
de lógica deôntica, com ênfase sobre questões filosóficas. Serão trabalhados a
sintaxe e a semântica de linguagens modais e deônticas, assim como os seus
principais cálculos, características e problemas.

2. MÉTODO: As aulas serão expositivas, com exercícios.

3. AVALIAÇÃO: Haverá duas verificações, cuja média aritmética será a menção
final.

4. PROGRAMA:
Lógica modal

4.1 Noções gerais sobre sistemas intensionais, em contraposição aos extensionais.
Noções históricas sobre lógica modal. A crítica de Quine à lógica modal. O
advento da semântica dos mundos possíveis.
4.2 A linguagem proposicional modal.
4.3 Os sistemas normais K, D, T e seus tableaux.
4.4 Os sistemas normais S4, B e S5 e seus tableaux.
4.5 Sistemas não-normais. Os sistemas fracos S0.5, S2, S3, E e S.
4.6 A linguagem da lógica modal de predicados. Tableaux.
4.7 A fórmula de Barcan. De dicto e de re. Identidade modal.
4.8 Necessidade lógica e necessidade metafísica. A retomada da metafísica na
filosofia analítica.
4.9 O argumento ontológico de Gödel.
Lógica deôntica
4.10 O sistema deôntico padrão. A semântica dos mundos deonticamente perfeitos.
4.11 Paradoxos deônticos.
4.12 A relação ser-dever.
4. 13 Lógica da ação; lógica revogável.

5. BIBLIOGRAFIA

Textos de lógica modal ou de questões filosóficas com ela relacionadas
ANDERSON, A. “General intensional logic”. In GABBAY, D. & GUENTHENER,
F. (eds.), pp. 355-386.
ANDERSON, A. & BELNALP, N. Entailment: The logic of relevance and necessity.
Princeton: Princeton University Press, vol. 1: 1975, vol. 2: 1992.
ARRUDA, José Maria. Mundos possíveis: realismo modal extremo e atualismo. In
IMAGUIRE, Guido & ALMEIDA, Custódio & OLIVEIRA, Manfredo (orgs.).
Metafísica contemporânea, pp. 351-75.
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BARCAN MARCUS, R. Modalities: Philosophical essays. New York/Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 1993.
BEALER, G. Quality and concept. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982.
BEYER, Chr. & BURRI, Alex (eds.). Philosophical Knowledge - Its Possibility and
Scope. Amsterdam-New York: Rodopi, 2007.
BLACKBURN, P. & de RIJKE, Maarten & VENEMA, Yde. Modal logic.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
BLACKBURN, P. & WOLTER, F. & van BENTHEM, F.A.K. (eds.) Handbook of
modal logic. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006.
BOOLOS, G. The logic of provability. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
BRADLEY, R. & SWARTZ, N. Possible worlds: An introduction to logic and its
philosophy. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1979.
BRANQUINHO, J. & MURCHO, D. & GOMES, N. G. (eds). Enciclopédia de termos
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BRENNAN, A. et al. “Is necessity really necessary?”. In: L. Goldstein (ed.). Logic:
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Tradução brasileira de Lia Levy: “A necessidade é realmente necessária?” In L.
Goldstein (ed.): Lógica: Conceitos-chave em filosofia.. Porto Alegre: Artmed,
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BROCK, S. & MARES, E. Realism and Anti-Realism. Montreal & Kingston/Ithaca:
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BULL, R. & SEGERBERG, K. “Basic modal logic”. In: D. GABBAY, D. &
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Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
BURKHARDT, Hans. De Orígenes a Kripke: a história dos mundos possíveis. In
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Metafísica contemporânea, pp. 335-50.
CARNAP, R. Meaning and necessity: A study in semantics and modal logic. 2a ed.
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CARNIELLI, Walter & PIZZI, Claudio. Modalities and Multimodalities. Berlin:
Springer, 2009.
CHELLAS, B. Modal logic: An introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 1980.
3
CHIHARA, Charles S. The worlds of possibility: Modal realism and the semantics of
modal logic. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998.
CHRISTIAS, Dionysis. The resurgence of metaphysics in late analytic philosophy: A
constructive critique. In philinq VI 1, 2018, pp. 123-148.
COCCHIARELLA, Nino B. & FREUND, Max A. Modal logic: An introduction to
its syntax and semantics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
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FINE, Kit. Modality and tense. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
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Extensions of classical logic. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1984.
GABBAY, D. et alii (eds.). Handbook of Deontic Logic and Normative Systems.
London: College Publications, 2013.
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KRIPKE, S. Naming and necessity. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1980 (1972). Tradução
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LEWIS, D. “Counterparts or double lives?”. In LOUX, M. J. (ed.), 2001, pp. 188-
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Textos de lógica deôntica ou de questões filosóficas com ela relacionadas
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FØLLESDAL, D. & HILPINEN, R. Deontic Logic: An Introduction. R. Hilpinen (ed.),
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CRONOGRAMA
Datas Aulas

CONTEÚDO
13.III. 1a Noções sobre linguagens intensionais.
20.III. 2a A linguagem proposicional modal: sintaxe e semântica.
27.III. 3a Os sistemas normais K, D, T.
03.IV. 4a Os sistemas normais S4, B e S5.
17.IV. 5a Os sistemas fracos S0.5, S2, S3, E e S.
24.IV. 6a A linguagem modal de predicados. Tableaux.
08.V. 7a A fórmula de Barcan. De dicto e de re. Identidade.
15.V. 8a Necessidade lógica e necessidade metafísica.
22.V. 9a O argumento ontológico de Gödel.
29.V. 10a 1a verificação.
05.VI 11a O sistema deôntico padrão.
12.VI. 12a Paradoxos deônticos.
19.VI. 13a A relação ser-dever.
26.VI. 14a Lógica da ação; lógica revogável.
03.VII. 15a 2ª verificação.

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